The Ability of Humans to Manipulate Dna Is a Mixed...

The ability of humans to manipulate DNA is a mixed blessing Genetically modified organisms are made moving the DNA from one species to another. DNA contains genes which code for proteins. For plants and bacteria; restriction enzymes are used to cut a DNA segment from a desired gene source and a bacterium plasmid. They are joined using ligase enzymes and inserted into the plant chromosome or host bacterium. For animals the recombinant DNA is injected into an embryo and transferred to a recipient mother. The organisms will now express a new protein. Proteins determine form and metabolism. Genetic engineering changes the natural DNA of living things, cutting across species boundaries. Transgene’s effects vary with position. The foreign†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Marker genes† used to see which cells took up the foreign DNA cause a problem with antibiotic resistance. These markers are usually antibiotic resistant so cells with no foreign DNA can be killed by antibiotic treatment. Virulent genes with the ability to penetrate immune systems will inevitably increase the frequency of horizontal gene transfers. Once genes can freely transfer between species, species start to lose their distinguishing characteristics. Reducing biodiversity and costing us undiscovered natural miracles. Research is ongoing in growing agricultural products directly in the laboratory. Food and fibre being are grown in tissue culture in giant bacteria baths much cheaper than the price of growing them on the land. The shift to indoor agriculture could herald the eventual end of the agricultural era. Millions of farmers in both the developing and developed worlds would be uprooted from the land. Conversely genetically engineered plants as chemical factories are slowly being released outside. Controversial genetic modifications are also being done on animals. A combination of genetic engineering and cloning is being used for the development of market animals modified for increased growth and reduced fat. GE animals are being developed as factories for the production of pharmaceuticals and as sources of organs for transplantation into humans. In order to overcome organ rejection problems pigs are beingShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesAcknowledgements xiii xvii xix xx Chapter 1 Introducing organization theory: what is it, and why does it matter? Introduction What is organization theory? Defining theory What are organizations? The relationship between organization theory and human activities The relationship between organization theory and management practice Social engineering and organization theory Critical alternatives to managerialism in organization theory Philosophical disputes and debates: explaining and understandingRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesbeen changing the fundamental dimensions of business strategy and the meaning of its implementation. These changes affect a broad range of decisions, including the following: ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  How to invest in technology How to lead meaningful human resources initiatives How to maintain alliances successfully What the speed of new product or service development should be What the appropriate time horizons for investments and financial planning are How to implement productive cost reduction HowRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesThis is a good time to be reading a book about project management. Business leaders and experts have proclaimed that project management is a strategic imperative. Project management provides people with a powerful set of tools that improves their ability to plan, implement, and manage activities to accomplish specific organizational objectives. But project management is more than just a set of tools; it is a results-oriented management style that places a premium on building collaborative relationships